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The mortality of the kittens The mortality of the kittens is very important. Here are some general statistics on the cats. There are about 10% of born deaths, 10 to 15% of the living born kittens die during the first week and 15 to 25% before the age of 8 weeks, while taking into account the born dead kittens, mortality reaches 35% before one year. These numbers show us that him there again many to make in feline pediatrics. Seen the extent of the topic, it won't be developed solely here the main reasons of mortality néonatale that are : the congenital malformations, the hypoxie, the hypoglycemia, the hypothermia, the dehydration and the infections.
The malformations or the congenital flaws that provoke their death, the most frequent being the Palatine crack, present about 6,5% of the kittens. It is interesting to try to determine them systematically, possibly by autopsy, in order to perceive if a malformation dominates in a type of marriage and therefore to avoid this one. Many medicines are capable to provoke abortions, of the mortinatalité or the production of weak or abnormal kittens. The most critical period being at the time of the 3rd week of gestation. Fluently used some medicines must be avoided the living vaccines against typhus that can provoke abortions and the agénésies of the cerebellum, the grisefuline and the aspirin and all antifongiques), that have an effect tératogène (generator of monsters). Broadly speaking, it is necessary to give during the gestation, the less possible medicines, and ever without a veterinarian's opinion. It is not necessary to forget that the Korat race is touched very little by the illnesses, this being of the to its intrinsic properties. There is not in general ever grounds to give them some medicines.
During the stake bottom it is the only case going in the setting that interests us that can occur, it is a lack of oxygenation, the kittens breathe with difficulty, possibly while shouting. Its mechanism is the next one : from the moment or the oxygenation is not assured anymore by the placenta, the newborn to a reflex inspiratoire, if the kitten is again in the mother's genital ways, he inhales the amniotic liquid then. This case occurs in particular at the time of the precocious detachment of the placenta if one used the ocytocine in an inconsiderate way) and at the time of a slow expulsion (mainly for the first kitten of a range and or posterior presentation). The reaction must be immediate, it is necessary to free the aerial ways, to swing at the end of arm, then with ample movements, the kitten who is held by the paws rear, to put it the head below to 45° during several minutes. If this care is not sufficient, one can place the kitten in a cage to oxygen and inject the furosemide (diuretic) in muscular or better intra in venous intra to resorb the liquid that is again in the lungs. Some of these kittens present an abnormal agitation accompanied by screams that would be presumably due to a secondary cerebral attack to a stern hypoxie thereafter. A particular case is the one of the premature kittens (until one week before the normal term of the gestation) that doesn't have surfactant lipoproteic preventing, the pulmonary alveoli to glue themselves, what often succeeds to a pulmonary insufficiency deadly. The 4 other main reasons of mortality néonatale are the hypoglycemia, the dehydration, the hypothermia and the infections. The symptoms are similar, the kitten doesn't eat anymore, remain aside from the other, gets cold, remain sometimes inert and/or shout sometimes, possibly while moving. These 4 reasons are not necessarily independent and can be added as the state worsens : for example, an infectious diarrhea dehydrates and weakens the kitten, therefore it doesn't suckle more and becomes hypoglicémique, doesn't have strength anymore to remain to the hot with the rest of the range and gets cold. This process can take place in some hours. One of the most frequent reasons of the triad "hypoglycemia. hypothermia. dehydration" is the abandonment of the kittens by their mother, abandonment that can complicate itself of cannibalism. According to some studies 11% some kittens would die of this fact. It is therefore important to unite the conditions of calmness and comfort so that the mother has a maternal behavior satisfying. Sometimes the pussies, especially primipares, must be bet in cage to avoid the abandonment, sometimes it is necessary to separate them of the range to avoid the cannibalism. It would seem that in some cases, these unrests of the behavior are of genetic origin. No similar case has never been counted at the Koratses that possess a sharp domestic sense.
The hypoglycemia frequently occurs because the kittens have little reserve of glucogène. It is dealt by injections under cutaneous of glucose at 5% (3,5ml for 100gr by 24h), or better in emergency, of glucose to 30% in venous intra, in sufficient quantity to re-establish a normal blood sugar, then while taking over by way under cutaneous as previously. During the 48h following one uses a replacement milk at the rate of 13ml for 100Gr per day during the 1ére week, 17ml the second 20ml the third, 22ml the fourth.
The hypothermia comes because, during the first 3 weeks, the kittens are incapable to adjust their bodily temperature. From 34°c the small cannot suckle more spontaneously and can become amorphous, below 22° they are condemned almost always. In case of hypothermia, the warming up must be progressive, all means can be used, knowing that the blowing electric radiators and the lamps to red infra have an effect drying.
The newborn cannot concentrate its urine, he/it dehydrates himself/itself quickly as soon as the losses are superior to the normal (insufficient hygrometry, diarrhea) or when the contributions are too weak (insufficient or hopeless feedings). The kitten appears dry with an obstinate skin fold and loses the weight, when he is dehydrated. He must be rehydrated by way under cutaneous : 20ml for 100GR per day some rehydratation permits lactate of Ringer and to cover its water needs.
The digestive infections result mainly in the diarrhea that notices itself because the anal zone is soiled. At the time of the umbilical infections there is inflammation, sometimes discreet, of the zone that can create an abscess. These two cases evolve toward a fast septicemia and the death. The pulmonary infections and are not unfortunately diagnosticables that in terminal period, when an important respiratory insufficiency gets settled. At the time of these infections, one has interest to treat the whole range as well as the mother. Two rare pathologies capable to provoke the death of the kittens that deserves to be signalled : the poisoning by the maternal milk and the herythrolyse neonatale.
When the pussy develops an infectious home (metrite or mammite), the toxins of the responsible germs (in general staphylococci or streptococci) pass in the maternal milk and poison the kittens who become diarrheic and present an abdominal distending. This affection treats itself by antibiotics and an artificial nursing. The rarity comes because in case of infection important of the pussy, most of the time this one loses interest of its small and milk dries up.
One knows the blood types of the cat badly, however, one studied the B. group most cats are B+, the B group - is rare safe at the Rex Devon. A B pussy - having a B+ range can produce the antibodies that pass in the colostrum and can destroy the red globules of the B+ kittens. An anemia and an ictère often result from it deadly. The intestine of the kittens is permeable to the maternal antibodies during 36h, it is sufficient therefore when a range has this type of accident, to stop the following ranges from suckling during this period. The type of placentation of the pussy gives the opportunity little to this one to produce antibodies directed against the f.tus, what explains the rarity this accident. He/it is to note that it is necessary to look for a long time to find a laboratory in measure to mark the blood of a cat, especially in The numbers of the mortality of the kittens show that those are here fragile. One of the reasons of their fragility is their small size, that (besides the born kittens small have a more elevated mortality than the other) makes that they don't have practically any reserve and have a big surface of dwindle in relation to their weight. Their pathology evolves quickly, most of the time toward the death. Since the first symptoms, it is vital for them to intervene in a precise and specific way, in particular it is necessary to determine the blood sugar before all administration of sugar because a transient hyperglyceamia of stress that would be aggravated by this hold of glucose can exist. It is therefore very important to be attentive to the development of the kittens that must enlarge 8 to All kitten died in a raising must be autopsied in order to determine the reason of the death and to put in evidence the pathological dominances of this raising in order to warn them. These are the best means to lower in a sensitive way the mortality of the young kitten. | ||||||
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